T\u00fcrkiye, domates \u00fcretiminde d\u00fcnyan\u0131n \u00f6nde gelen \u00fclkeleri aras\u0131nda yer al\u0131rken, geli\u015ftirilen “ak\u0131ll\u0131 sera” modeliyle hem s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir hem de ekonomik olarak uygulanabilir tar\u0131msal \u00fcretim hedefleniyor.
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T\u00fcrkiye, domates \u00fcretiminde d\u00fcnyan\u0131n \u00f6nde gelen \u00fclkeleri aras\u0131nda yer al\u0131yor. T\u00dc\u0130K ve FAO verilerine g\u00f6re T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki y\u0131ll\u0131k domates \u00fcretimi son y\u0131llarda 13-14 milyon ton band\u0131nda seyrediyor. Bu \u00fcretimin yakla\u015f\u0131k y\u00fczde 25-30\u2019u sera \u00fcretiminden, di\u011fer b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc ise tarla yeti\u015ftiricili\u011finden sa\u011flan\u0131yor. Bu nedenle T\u00fcrkiye, y\u0131ll\u0131k 600 milyon dolar\u0131n \u00fczerinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen domates ihracat\u0131 ile Avrupa ve Orta Do\u011fu pazarlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemli tedarik\u00e7ileri aras\u0131nda \u00fcst s\u0131ralarda yer al\u0131yor.
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Kontroll\u00fc iklim sa\u011flayan ak\u0131ll\u0131 sera sistemlerinin yayg\u0131nla\u015fmas\u0131 ise \u2018\u00fcretim s\u00fcreklili\u011fi ve standart kalite hedefleri a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan ihracat zincirine stratejik katk\u0131 sunabilece\u011fi i\u00e7in son derece \u00f6nemli. Bu noktada; domates \u00fcretimi i\u00e7in yeni geli\u015ftirilen g\u00fcne\u015f enerjili ak\u0131ll\u0131 sera sistemi, i\u00e7 ortam s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ideal seviyeye \u00e7ekerek s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir tar\u0131m\u0131n gelece\u011fi ad\u0131na umut verdi. S\u00f6z konusu ara\u015ft\u0131rmaya T\u00fcrkiye ve Katar\u2019dan kat\u0131lan bilim insanlar\u0131n\u0131n geli\u015ftirdi\u011fi sim\u00fclasyon modeli, bitki b\u00fcy\u00fcmesini de hesaba katarak g\u00fcne\u015f enerjisi destekli sera iklimlendirmesinin y\u00fcksek performans\u0131n\u0131 ortaya koydu.<\/p>\n
Uluslararas\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rma
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Ya\u015far \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nden Dr. Nezir Ya\u011f\u0131z \u00c7am\u2019\u0131n yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 uluslararas\u0131 bir ekip, enerjisini g\u00fcne\u015ften alan ve kendi iklimini ayarlayabilen “ak\u0131ll\u0131 sera” modelinde domates b\u00fcy\u00fcmesini ba\u015far\u0131yla sim\u00fcle etti. Buna y\u00f6nelik bilimsel makale, \u2019International Journal of Thermofluids\u2019 dergisinde de yay\u0131mlanarak tar\u0131m d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n dikkatine sunuldu. S\u00f6z konusu ara\u015ft\u0131rmaya T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi temsilen Ya\u015far \u00dcniversitesi ve Dokuz Eyl\u00fcl \u00dcniversitesi, Katar ad\u0131na ise Hamad Bin Khalifa \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nden bilim insanlar\u0131 katk\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131. Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada fotovoltaik (PV) paneller ve hava kaynakl\u0131 \u0131s\u0131 pompas\u0131 destekli \u0131s\u0131tma, havaland\u0131rma ve iklimlendirme (HVAC) sistemiyle donat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir serada domates yeti\u015ftiricili\u011fi say\u0131sal olarak modellenerek analiz edildi. Ara\u015ft\u0131rma ekibi, bitki b\u00fcy\u00fcmesini ve buharla\u015fma-terleme s\u00fcre\u00e7lerini de hesaba katabilen yeni bir sim\u00fclasyon modeli geli\u015ftirdi. G\u00fcne\u015f enerjisi ve \u0131s\u0131 pompas\u0131 destekli iklimlendirme sistemiyle donat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f serada domates b\u00fcy\u00fcmesi sim\u00fcle edilerek enerji verimlili\u011fi ve s\u0131cakl\u0131k kontrol\u00fc analiz edildi.<\/p>\n
Yeni nesil sera sistemi
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Ya\u015far \u00dcniversitesi Enerji Sistemleri M\u00fchendisli\u011fi B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc\u2019nden Dr. Nezir Ya\u011f\u0131z \u00c7am ara\u015ft\u0131rmada g\u00fcne\u015f enerjisi destekli \u0131s\u0131 pompas\u0131 kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n seradaki domates yeti\u015ftiricili\u011fine etkisini ara\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 belirtti. Dr. \u00c7am, “Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, s\u0131cak iklim b\u00f6lgelerinde yenilenebilir enerji kaynakl\u0131 iklimlendirme sistemleri ile b\u00fct\u00fcnle\u015fik seralarda y\u0131l boyunca \u00fcretimin devam edebilece\u011fini ve bu tarz b\u00fct\u00fcnle\u015fik enerji sistemleri ile hem s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir hem de ekonomik olarak uygulanabilir tar\u0131msal \u00fcretim yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 teorik olarak g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir” dedi.<\/p>\n
\u00dc\u00e7 farkl\u0131 \u00fclke
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Geli\u015ftirilen model; Ocak-Nisan, May\u0131s-A\u011fustos ve Eyl\u00fcl-Aral\u0131k olmak \u00fczere \u00fc\u00e7 b\u00fcy\u00fcme d\u00f6nemini kapsayan bir y\u0131ll\u0131k s\u00fcre\u00e7te test edildi. Sistem; \u0130zmir, Kazablanka, Tunus ve Valensiya \u015fehirlerinin \u00e7evresel ve ekonomik ko\u015fullar\u0131na g\u00f6re ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 sim\u00fcle edildi. Sonu\u00e7lara ve y\u0131ll\u0131k elektrik t\u00fcketimlerine ba\u011fl\u0131 ekonomik analizde ise geri \u00f6deme s\u00fcreleri Valensiya\u2019da 2,9 y\u0131l, Kazablanka\u2019da 5,7 y\u0131l, Tunus\u2019ta 9,31 y\u0131l ve \u0130zmir\u2019de 13,55 y\u0131l olarak hesapland\u0131. HVAC sistemi bulunan ve bulunmayan seralar\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada, g\u00fcne\u015f enerjisi destekli \u0131s\u0131 pompas\u0131 kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7 ortam s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc belirlendi. \u00d6rne\u011fin \u0130zmir\u2019de ortalama sera i\u00e7 s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 32,8 santigrad dereceden 23,5 santigrad gerilerken, benzer iyile\u015fmeler di\u011fer \u015fehirlerde de g\u00f6zlendi.
<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
T\u00fcrkiye, domates \u00fcretiminde d\u00fcnyan\u0131n \u00f6nde gelen \u00fclkeleri aras\u0131nda yer al\u0131rken, geli\u015ftirilen “ak\u0131ll\u0131 sera” modeliyle hem s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir hem de ekonomik olarak uygulanabilir tar\u0131msal \u00fcretim hedefleniyor. T\u00fcrkiye, domates \u00fcretiminde d\u00fcnyan\u0131n \u00f6nde gelen \u00fclkeleri aras\u0131nda yer al\u0131yor. T\u00dc\u0130K ve FAO verilerine g\u00f6re T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki y\u0131ll\u0131k domates \u00fcretimi son y\u0131llarda 13-14 milyon ton band\u0131nda seyrediyor. Bu \u00fcretimin yakla\u015f\u0131k y\u00fczde 25-30\u2019u…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":87906,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_crdt_document":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-87905","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-guncel"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.egemtv.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/87905","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.egemtv.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.egemtv.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.egemtv.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.egemtv.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=87905"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.egemtv.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/87905\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":87907,"href":"https:\/\/www.egemtv.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/87905\/revisions\/87907"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.egemtv.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/87906"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.egemtv.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=87905"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.egemtv.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=87905"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.egemtv.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=87905"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}