{"id":1633,"date":"2025-01-03T11:43:16","date_gmt":"2025-01-03T08:43:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.egemtv.com\/?p=1633"},"modified":"2025-01-03T14:10:28","modified_gmt":"2025-01-03T11:10:28","slug":"suriye-ve-orta-dogudaki-krizlerin-mimari-kasim-suleymaninin-kanli-gecmisi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.egemtv.com\/?p=1633","title":{"rendered":"Suriye ve Orta Do\u011fu\u2019daki krizlerin mimar\u0131 Kas\u0131m S\u00fcleymani\u2019nin kanl\u0131 ge\u00e7mi\u015fi"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0130ran Devrim Muhaf\u0131zlar\u0131 Kud\u00fcs G\u00fcc\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn 3 Ocak 2020\u2019de ABD taraf\u0131ndan \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclen Kas\u0131m S\u00fcleymani\u2019nin komutas\u0131ndaki g\u00fc\u00e7ler, Halep\u2019te yakla\u015f\u0131k 3 bin sivili katletti ve a\u011f\u0131r bombard\u0131manla kentin y\u00fczde 90\u2019\u0131n\u0131 yok etti.
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\u0130ran Devrim Muhaf\u0131zlar\u0131 Kud\u00fcs G\u00fcc\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn 3 Ocak 2020\u2019de ABD taraf\u0131ndan Ba\u011fdat Uluslararas\u0131 Havaalan\u0131 yak\u0131nlar\u0131ndaki konvoya d\u00fczenlenen sald\u0131r\u0131da \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclen Komutan\u0131 Kas\u0131m S\u00fcleymani, Suriye\u2019deki sava\u015f\u0131n en \u00f6nemli akt\u00f6rlerinden biri oldu. S\u00fcleymani, 2011\u2019de ba\u015flayan Suriye i\u00e7 sava\u015f\u0131nda Be\u015far Esad rejimine verdi\u011fi destekle sava\u015f\u0131n seyrini de\u011fi\u015ftirdi ve \u0130ran\u2019\u0131n b\u00f6lgedeki etkisini art\u0131rd\u0131. S\u00fcleymani, \u00f6zellikle 2012\u2019den itibaren Suriye sahas\u0131nda aktif bir rol oynamaya ba\u015flad\u0131. \u0130ran Devrim Muhaf\u0131zlar\u0131, Hizbullah ve Irak\u2019tan gelen milislerin deste\u011fiyle Suriyeli muhaliflere kar\u015f\u0131 bir\u00e7ok askeri operasyona liderlik etti. En dikkat \u00e7eken operasyonlar\u0131ndan biri 2013\u2019te Humus\u2019un Kusayr kasabas\u0131ndaki sava\u015f oldu. Bu sava\u015fta S\u00fcleymani, muhalefetin kontrol\u00fcndeki b\u00f6lgeyi Esad rejimi ad\u0131na yeniden ele ge\u00e7irdi. Ancak bu zafer, y\u00fczlerce sivilin \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesi ve b\u00f6lgenin b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde y\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131yla ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti.
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Halep\u2019in y\u0131k\u0131m\u0131 ve zorunlu g\u00f6\u00e7ler
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2016 y\u0131l\u0131nda Halep\u2019in ku\u015fat\u0131lmas\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda S\u00fcleymani, milis g\u00fc\u00e7lerini y\u00f6nlendirdi ve Rusya\u2019n\u0131n hava sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131na destek verdi. Halep, yo\u011fun bombard\u0131manlar sonucunda harabeye d\u00f6nerken, binlerce sivil hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybetti ve y\u00fcz binlercesi g\u00f6\u00e7 etmek zorunda kald\u0131. Bu nedenle Suriye\u2019deki Esad rejimi muhalifleri taraf\u0131ndan Halep\u2019in y\u0131k\u0131m\u0131ndan birinci derecede sorumlusu olarak S\u00fcleymani tutuluyor.
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Demografik de\u011fi\u015fimin mimar\u0131
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S\u00fcleymani\u2019nin stratejisi sadece askeri operasyonlarla s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 kalmad\u0131. Kas\u0131m S\u00fcleymani Suriye\u2019de demografik yap\u0131y\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in \u00e7e\u015fitli politikalar uygulad\u0131. \u00d6zellikle \u015eam ve \u00e7evresindeki b\u00f6lgelerde, muhaliflere ait yerle\u015fim alanlar\u0131n\u0131 bo\u015faltarak \u0130ran destekli milislerin yerle\u015ftirilmesini sa\u011flad\u0131. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te binlerce Suriyeli zorunlu g\u00f6\u00e7e maruz kalarak evlerini terk etmek zorunda kald\u0131. S\u00fcleymani\u2019nin Kusayr, Halep ve di\u011fer b\u00f6lgelerdeki operasyonlar\u0131, milyonlarca insan\u0131n yerinden edilmesine yol a\u00e7t\u0131.
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S\u00fcleymani\u2019nin 2020 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda ABD taraf\u0131ndan \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesi ard\u0131ndan Suriyeli muhalifler ve aktivistler, onun katliamlarla dolu ge\u00e7mi\u015fini hat\u0131rlatarak bu \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn sembolik bir adalet anlam\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi. Muhalifler, S\u00fcleymani\u2019yi \u201cdemografik de\u011fi\u015fimin mimar\u0131\u201d ve \u201cSuriye halk\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 i\u015flenen sava\u015f su\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n lideri\u201d olarak tan\u0131mlad\u0131.
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Kas\u0131m S\u00fcleymani\u2019nin Suriye\u2019deki m\u00fcdahaleleri, \u00fclkedeki i\u00e7 sava\u015f\u0131n uzamas\u0131na ve sivil kay\u0131plar\u0131n artmas\u0131na neden olurken \u0130ran\u2019\u0131n b\u00f6lgedeki etkisini art\u0131rmak i\u00e7in uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 politikalar, Suriye\u2019nin demografik yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirdi ve milyonlarca insan\u0131 ma\u011fdur etti. Bug\u00fcn S\u00fcleymani\u2019nin ismi, Suriye\u2019de ya\u015fanan y\u0131k\u0131m ve katliamlarla \u00f6zde\u015fle\u015fmi\u015f durumda.
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S\u00fcleymani\u2019nin ve Suriye\u2019deki y\u0131k\u0131m sava\u015flar\u0131
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2013 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u0130ran Devrim Muhaf\u0131zlar\u0131 Kud\u00fcs G\u00fcc\u00fc Komutan\u0131 Kas\u0131m S\u00fcleymani, Humus k\u0131rsal\u0131ndaki Kusayr kentini ele ge\u00e7irme operasyonunu y\u00f6netti. Operasyon, \u015fehre uygulanan yo\u011fun bir ku\u015fatma ile ba\u015flad\u0131. S\u00fcleymani\u2019nin komutas\u0131ndaki g\u00fc\u00e7ler, \u015fehirde yakla\u015f\u0131k 3 bin sivili katletti ve a\u011f\u0131r bombard\u0131manla kentin y\u00fczde 90\u2019\u0131n\u0131 yok etti. Ku\u015fatma nedeniyle binlerce sivil gece gizlice bah\u00e7elerden ka\u00e7arak b\u00f6lgeyi terk etmek zorunda kald\u0131. \u015eehrin sakinlerinin \u00e7o\u011fu geri d\u00f6nemezken, sadece rejim yanl\u0131lar\u0131 ve Hizbullah mensuplar\u0131 Kusayr\u2019da kalabildi.
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Halep\u2019in y\u0131k\u0131m\u0131
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2016 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n sonunda S\u00fcleymani, Halep\u2019in kontrol alt\u0131na al\u0131nmas\u0131 sonras\u0131 y\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lar aras\u0131nda gezdi. \u0130ran, Esad rejimi ve Rus hava deste\u011fiyle ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen bu operasyon, \u015fehrin t\u00fcm taraflar i\u00e7in stratejik \u00f6nemini ortaya koydu. Halep ku\u015fatmas\u0131, S\u00fcleymani\u2019nin liderli\u011finde Afgan, Irak ve L\u00fcbnan\u2019dan gelen milis g\u00fc\u00e7leri taraf\u0131ndan s\u0131k\u0131 bir \u015fekilde s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc. \u015eehirde on binlerce sivil \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc ve Suriye\u2019deki en b\u00fcy\u00fck zorunlu g\u00f6\u00e7 dalgas\u0131 bu sava\u015fta ya\u015fand\u0131.
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Suriyeli aktivistler, S\u00fcleymani\u2019yi Halep\u2019in tamamen y\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131ndan ve tarihi de\u011ferlerinin yok edilmesinden sorumlu tutuyor. S\u00fcleymani\u2019nin bin 300 y\u0131ll\u0131k Halep Ulu Camii\u2019nin y\u0131k\u0131m\u0131ndan sorumlu tutulmu\u015ftu.
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Madaya\u2019da a\u00e7l\u0131k ku\u015fatmas\u0131
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Kas\u0131m S\u00fcleymani\u2019nin komutas\u0131ndaki \u0130ran destekli milisler ve Hizbullah, \u015eam k\u0131rsal\u0131ndaki Madaya \u015fehrini de ku\u015fatma alt\u0131na ald\u0131. Ku\u015fatma, b\u00f6lgeye yiyecek ve su giri\u015fini tamamen engelledi ve kad\u0131nlar ile \u00e7ocuklar dahil olmak \u00fczere onlarca sivilin a\u00e7l\u0131ktan \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne yol a\u00e7t\u0131.
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S\u00fcleymani\u2019nin Orta Do\u011fu b\u00f6lgesindeki rol\u00fc
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\u0130ran Devrim Muhaf\u0131zlar\u0131\u2019na ba\u011fl\u0131 Kud\u00fcs G\u00fcc\u00fc, Orta Do\u011fu\u2019daki pek \u00e7ok askeri ve istihbarat operasyonunun arkas\u0131ndaki kilit g\u00fc\u00e7 olarak tan\u0131n\u0131yor. \u00d6zellikle eski komutan\u0131 Kas\u0131m S\u00fcleymani\u2019nin liderli\u011finde, bu g\u00fc\u00e7 b\u00f6lgedeki \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalarda ve stratejik dengelerde belirleyici bir rol oynad\u0131.
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Irak\u2019ta 2003\u2019ten bu yana etkindi
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2003 y\u0131l\u0131ndan itibaren Irak\u2019ta etkin olan Kud\u00fcs G\u00fcc\u00fc, onlarca silahl\u0131 grubu y\u00f6netti. Bunlar aras\u0131nda Kataib Hizbullah, Bedir \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc ve Asayib Ehlilhak gibi gruplar yer al\u0131yor. Bu gruplar, mezhep temelli katliamlar ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek ve binlerce S\u00fcnni sivili \u00f6ld\u00fcrmek ve zorla g\u00f6\u00e7 ettirmekle su\u00e7lan\u0131yor. Ayr\u0131ca, Irak\u2019taki bar\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131l protestolar s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u00f6zellikle 2019 Ekim\u2019inde ba\u015flayan halk g\u00f6sterilerinde, y\u00fczlerce protestocunun \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesinden sorumlu olduklar\u0131 iddia ediliyor.
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Suriye\u2019deki rol\u00fc
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Suriye i\u00e7 sava\u015f\u0131nda Kud\u00fcs G\u00fcc\u00fc, Esad rejimini ayakta tutma stratejisinin ana akt\u00f6r\u00fc oldu. S\u00fcleymani, rejim yanl\u0131s\u0131 milisleri organize ederek ve e\u011fiterek muhalefeti bast\u0131rmada kilit rol oynad\u0131. \u00d6zellikle Halep ve Humus gibi kentlerde ya\u015fanan y\u0131k\u0131m, bu stratejinin do\u011frudan sonucu olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor. 2013 y\u0131l\u0131nda S\u00fcleymani\u2019nin liderli\u011findeki Kud\u00fcs G\u00fcc\u00fc, Hizbullah ve di\u011fer \u0130ran destekli milislerle birlikte Humus\u2019un Kusayr kasabas\u0131nda muhaliflere kar\u015f\u0131 zafer kazand\u0131. Bu zafer, bir\u00e7ok say\u0131da sivil \u00f6l\u00fcmlerine ve zorunlu g\u00f6\u00e7e neden oldu. Halep\u2019te ise 2016 y\u0131l\u0131nda rejimin zaferi, binlerce ki\u015finin yerinden edilmesiyle sonu\u00e7land\u0131.
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L\u00fcbnan\u2019daki etkisi
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Kud\u00fcs G\u00fcc\u00fc, L\u00fcbnan\u2019daki Hizbullah\u2019\u0131 stratejik bir ara\u00e7 olarak kullan\u0131yor. Hizbullah, \u0130ran\u2019\u0131n b\u00f6lgesel n\u00fcfuzunu art\u0131rmada ve \u00f6zellikle \u0130srail\u2019e kar\u015f\u0131 bir cayd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7 olarak g\u00f6rev yap\u0131yor.
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Yemen\u2019deki rol\u00fc
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Kud\u00fcs G\u00fcc\u00fc, Yemen\u2019de Husilere sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 askeri ve finansal destekle bu grubu bir vekil g\u00fc\u00e7 haline getirdi. Husilere sa\u011flanan \u0130ran yap\u0131m\u0131 silahlar ve teknolojik destek, Suudi Arabistan ve K\u00f6rfez \u00fclkelerine kar\u015f\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen sald\u0131r\u0131larda kullan\u0131ld\u0131.
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